Inkcazo:
Ukufakwa kwechromium emnyamaibifumaneka kurhwebo ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.Ukufakwa kwechromium emnyama yantlandlolo kuchazwa kwi-Mil Std 14538 efaka ichromium emnyama ukusukaichromium enehexavalenti-electrolyte.Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, kubekho uphuhliso lwezorhwebo lwediphozithi zechromium emnyama ukusuka kwi-ikhromium enesithathui-electrolyte.Eli phepha liza kuphonononga iimpawu zediphozithi kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokusebenza kwezi ezifanayo, kodwaiplating yechromium eyahlukileyoiidiphozithi.
Intshayelelo
UBeauty and the Beast (isiFrentshi: La Belle et la Bête) libali eliyintsomi elabhalwa ngunoveli ongumFrentshi uGabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve yaza yapapashwa ngo-1740.tophikisanayo kunyehexavalentIinkqubo zokubeka ichromium emnyama esekwe kwichromium.
Umzobo we-1 uthelekisa ukubonakala kwezisombululo zenkqubo ye-trivalent kunye ne-hexavalent.Ngasekhohlo yichromium sulfate-based trivalent black chromium plating process.Umbala wesisombululo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, itanki icocekile, kwaye isisombululo sizinzile.Saye sagqiba ngokulula ukuba le nkqubo iya kubizwa ngokuba nguBuhle kule ntetho.
Ngasekunene yinkqubo yokucwenga esekwe kwichromium trioxide emnyama.Umbala wesisombululo unombala obomvu obomvu.Ngexesha le-electroplating, igesi yehydrogen iyaguquka, enokuthi idale inkungu enehexavalent chromium.Le nkungu kufuneka ilawulwe ngezixhobo zokumanzisa kunye okanye ipush-pull ventilation.Ichromium emnyama enehexavalent, ubuncinci kuyo yonke le nkcazo-ntetho, iya kubhekiswa kuyo njengeyona ibalaseleyo.
Umzobo 1 - Uthelekiso lweenkqubo zokucwenga zechromium emnyama ene-trivalent kunye ne-hexavalent.
Injongo yalo msebenzi kukuvavanya ezinye iidiphozithi zombane zechromium emnyama kunye nokumisela ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kunye nokufaneleka kolu tyalo lwangaphakathi kunye nangaphandle kweemoto kunye nezicelo zorhwebo.Ingqwalasela ikwiimpawu zokusebenza komzimba, kubandakanywa ukukhuselwa komhlwa, ukuxhathisa komkrwelo, ukuxhathisa amabala kunye nenkangeleko yazo zombini iidiphozithi ezimnyama zechromium ezihexavalent kunye netrivalent.Iziphumo kufuneka zisebenze njengesikhokelo esisebenzayo sokukhetha imidibaniso egqwesileyo yeengubo ezineepleyiti zokufezekisa ukusebenza okulindelekileyo.Sikwafuna ukuchonga ukuba iidiphozithi zechromium emnyama zithelekiswa njani nezinye iindlela zokugquma ezimnyama, kubandakanya i-PVD, idyasi yomgubo omnyama kunye ne-nickel emnyama engena-electro.
Imvelaphi
Ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza lokutyalwa kwechromium emnyama lisukela ngo-1952. Ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza elinxulumene ne-electroplating black chromium, lakhutshelwa uGilbert noBuhman.1 UGilbert noBuhman baphuhlise inkqubo yokusebenzisa i-anhydride yechromic emanzi kunye ne-acetic acid ukuphumeza idiphozithi emnyama ukuya kwemnyama iinxalenye zemipu, izixhobo ze-artillery kunye nezixhobo zomkhosi kwi-Rock Island Arsenal.1 I-patent eyongezelelweyo yafakwa yi-Westinghouse Electric ngo-1956 kunye ne-Kewanee Oil Company (i-Harshaw Chemical), eyakhutshwa ngo-1971.2,3 I-Harshaw Chemical patent, ekugqibeleni yadluliselwa ngeM & T Chemicals, kwaye ngoku ithengiswa phantsi kweAtotech Chemical tradename Econo-chrome BK.
Amalungelo awodwa abenzi bokuqala bei-trivalent chromium platingisukela ekuqaleni kowe-1970. UGyllenspentz noRenton waseAlbright noWilson;kunye neTremmel ye-OMI (ngoku eyiMacDermid Enthone), yayingomnye woovulindlela bokuqala ukwenza uphuhliso lweebhafu ze-chromium electroplating ezintathu.Umsebenzi we-Tremmel ugxininise ekusetyenzisweni kweekhompawundi ze-thiazole, kanti umsebenzi we-Gyllenspentz kunye noRenton wawugxininise ekusebenziseni i-formate, i-acetate, i-bromide kunye ne-ammonium ukuphumeza idiphozithi yorhwebo. isetyenziswa ngoku ekulula ukuyilawula.
Uthelekiso lokuSebenza
Itheyibhile 1 ithelekisa iiparameters zokusebenza zombini i-chloride kunye ne-sulfate iinguqulelo ze-chromium emnyama e-trivalent kunye neenkqubo ze-chromium emnyama ene-hexavalent.Iinkqubo zechromium emnyama zisebenzisa ikloride okanye ityuwa yesinyithi yesulfate ene-chromium ye-electrolyte, ngelixa i-chromium emnyama enehexavalent isebenzisa i-chromium trioxide (okanye i-chromic acid) eyona nto iphambili.Iibhafu ze-trivalent zisebenza kwi-pH ye-2-4 ngelixa i-chromium emnyama ene-hexavalent isebenza kwi-pH engaphantsi kwe-1. Ukushisa okusebenzayo kuyafana kuzo zontathu izisombululo.
Cofa apha ukuze ufunde:Umahluko phakathi kwe-Trivalent Chromium kunye ne-Hexavalent Chromium
Itheyibhile 1 - uthelekiso lokusebenza lwe-chloride Cr (III), i-sulfate Cr (III) kunye ne-Cr (VI)
Iinkqubo.
Ngokuphathelele ukujula kunye nokugubungela, iinkqubo ze-chromium ezimnyama zinamandla okuphosa kwaye ziya kugubungela iindawo ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwee-anode ezincedisayo ezikhethekileyo.Uyilo lwe-racking oluqhelekileyo lunokusetyenziswa.
Nangona kunjalo, oku akunjalo ngenkqubo ye-chromium emnyama enehexavalent.Ukusebenza kakuhle kungalunganga okukhokelela ekunqongophelweni kwamandla okujula kunye nokugquma.Ngaphandle kokulungiswa kweerack ezikhethekileyo (okt, ii-anode ezincedisayo), idiphozithi emnyama yechromium iya kuba nemibala emininzi engwevu kunye nengwevu/emnyama, kunye neqela lemichiza eliqela kufuneka lilungelelaniswe ukuze libe mnyama kakhulu kulo lonke uluhlu lwangoku loxinaniso.
Malunga CheeYuen
Yasekwa eHong Kong ngowe-1969,CheeYuenngumboneleli wesisombululo sokwenziwa kwenxalenye yeplastiki kunye nonyango lwangaphezulu.Ixhotyiswe ngoomatshini abaphambili kunye nemigca yemveliso (i-1 tooling kunye neziko lokubumba, i-2 electroplating lines, imigca ye-2 yokupeyinta, i-2 PVD line kunye nabanye) kwaye ikhokelwa liqela elizinikeleyo leengcali kunye neengcali, i-CheeYuen Surface Treatment ibonelela ngesisombululo se-turnkeychromed, ukupeyinta&Amalungu ePVD, ukusuka kuyilo lwesixhobo sokuvelisa (DFM) ukuya kwiPPAP kwaye ekugqibeleni ukugqiba ukuhanjiswa kwenxalenye kwihlabathi liphela.
Iqinisekiswe nguIATF16949, ISO9001kwayeISO14001kwaye iphicothwe ngeVDA 6.3kwayeCSR, CheeYuen Surface Treatment iye yaba umboneleli ngokubanzi-ezivunyiweyo kunye neqhinga iqabane inani elikhulu iibrendi ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye nabavelisi kwimoto, izixhobo zombane, kunye namashishini imveliso yokuhlamba, kuquka Continental, ALPS, ITW, Whirlpool, De'Longhi kunye Grohe, njl.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-26-2024